ART DECO

Art Deco

The term Art Deco was a influential style of design that originated in France but it did make appearance until the first world war and was at its peak until the outbreak of World War two.

The style consisted of geometric and angular shapes lots of use of chrome and ,shiny fabrics. Styled images of streamlined airplanes ,cars and cruise liners. Nature motifs like shells .ivory flowers where used it was all about glam and style.

During the 1920’s affordable traveling opened another window to other cultures and it made deco heavily influenced by different pre-modern art around the world .There was a lot of interest in  different archaeology sites due to exploration and excavations  like the tomb of Tutankhamen. Artist and designers integrated styles and different elements from all over the world. And where also influenced by Cubism ,Functionalism, constructive , modernism and futurism.

Art Deco Interior Design

Art Deco was an internationally admired style and affected many areas of design. It was used extensively in different  products such as automobiles, furniture, cookware, china, textiles, jewelry, clocks, and electronic items such as telephones, radios and jukeboxes. It also induced architecture, industrial design, interior design fashion, graphic arts, and cinema.

The damage that was created by the World War II made  Art Deco to decay in popularity: it was perceived by some as gaudy and inappropriately luxurious. A resurgence of interest began during the 1960s. Art Deco continues to inspire designers and is often used in present-day fashion, jewelry, and toiletries and movies.

During the period of art deco various artist have grown I popularity for there work and style in combining different aspects of the movment. Some of the famous artist and architectures are Frank Lloyd Wright ,Louis Comfort Tiffany and Eileen Gray .

Art Deco inspires me in many ways as it evolved int the the style because of traveling and exploration of different areas and countries in the world.And it combined different elements of different era into an interesting style whit different use of material. Art deco can be seen even in this modern era as different designer and artist combine and are influenced with art deco.



Reference:
Art Deco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2015. Art Deco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Art_Deco. [Accessed 5 January 2015].


History of Art Deco. 2015. History of Art Deco. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.brynmawr.edu/cities/archx/05-600/proj/p2/npk/historydeco.htm. [Accessed 5 January 2015].

Art Deco. 2015. Art Deco. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.artcyclopedia.com/history/art-deco.html. [Accessed 5 January 2015].

Art Deco | art movement | Encyclopedia Britannica. 2015. Art Deco | art movement | Encyclopedia Britannica. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/36505/Art-Deco. [Accessed 30 January 2015].

Streamline

Streamlined Design

Another style that led American design to another level was the streamlining style. It dominated the American design from 1930 till the 1950. It was a style that grew out from Art Deco but simplified and pervaded with a different style of harmony and design. It effected everything we see today from cars, Buildings  and everyday objects we see today .Streamline is widely different from the international style’s function it involved a sleek and aero dynamic look.

The origins of the streamline design originated when a boom in transportation was at a very fast rise and everyone started to purchase their own personal vehicle. The design was applied to cars, railroad trains and air transportation . Not to forget to mention that streamlining was born when the first plane took flight as the design is focused on aerodynamics of the structure or the shape of the object .In that case the design  meant speed and speed was something modern and futuristic, Even now a days. Streamlining helped improve the air dynamics in cars as before streamline design was born cars were designed differently and looked like boxes on wheels.

In the 1950's became a new language of visual design it fueled Americas modern era and the industrial design profession emerged at the time

Streamline made such an impact on design that It moved from its main source of function to normal day to day used objects  like pencil Sharpens fans and even chairs which did not need to be streamlined but where eventually streamlined because it gave the objects a modern sleek look.

The Chrysler ‘Airflow designed and constructed in the 1934 was the first commercially produced with a streamline design .It was designed by an engineer called  Carl beer. The design of the car proofed that streamlining was effective and made moving objects much more efficient against wind resistance.

The teardrop shape was the perfect shape to be applied to design as it cut through air like a hot knife through butter. It was studied and designed using various shapes in wind tunnels and water. During class we were viewed a 1936 video which explained streamline and the way it was studied using different kinds of shapes and testing them in water and aluminium powder to show how the shapes reacted through the resistance of the water and in the end the representation shows the actual tear drop shape which was the best shape applied against the resistance of the air.Scientist called the shape or the form of the shape the parabola it was the best shape to be used for stream lining .Basically everything  followed that shape from cars planes to everyday objects .

Key characteristics of streamline designs are Horizontal orientations rounded edges lot of chrome hardware.Stream line also can be familiarized with functionalism  which also was another leading design in Europe.It was made to lower the productions costs .







Reference:

Streamline Moderne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2015. Streamline Moderne - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streamline_Moderne. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

The Streamline Era: A Personal View Budd Steinhilber, FIDSA | Industrial Design History. 2015. The Streamline Era: A Personal View Budd Steinhilber, FIDSA | Industrial Design History. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.industrialdesignhistory.com/node/1022. [Accessed 29 January 2015].


VTV Classics (r3): American Streamlined Design (2008) - YouTube. 2015.VTV Classics (r3): American Streamlined Design (2008) - YouTube. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M5YpdRJuEek. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

Streamlined Design - YouTube. 2015. Streamlined Design - YouTube. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uTyTb1Ejzvs. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

International Style

International Style

So basically international style is or was the new way of architecture that flourished in the 1920’s and 1930 in Europe and the United States of America. International style was first used for the first time in 1932 by architectural historian Henry-Russell Hitchcock and American architect Philip Johnson. The international used industrial structure techniques to create nice elegant simple forms, light plane surfaces  with free ornamentations using glass steel and concrete. Also some other main features that conclude the style of the movement is rectilinear forms ,open interior spaces and cantilever construction. After the World war two a  lot of cities started to grow and the international style was one of the optional styles that could be used to create new interesting constructions in urban projects .

What architect had in mind is to create something different from the dissatisfaction of the continued used elements of different styles  that where no relation to the buildings constructed. They wanted to create buildings with space and less design that served the industrial  society .The  new use different technologies of that time. and the use of steel and iron and reinforced concrete. These ideas is what made the international style different .The use of steel and reinforced concrete completed the recipe for the architecture of today The help of mass produced steel and iron in factories which was discovered in the 1890 was effective as it changed the way of building, As was used before.

The international style grew it roots from Germany and by the 1940 it was seen in different construction in many strong economical countries like France, South America, Britain Japan and the skyscrapers in America.

The actual style grew in popularity thanks to these brilliant architects who dedicate most of their lives to achieve a great impact in their field .

These important architects Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Walter Gropius which where form the united states of America and Germany, Le Corbusier in France which I’m going to talk in detail about his work and structures.

To understand the international style first you have to understand the buildings that came before the style was even named. In the early 20^th centaury in Germany there was a new concept that began to be developed and it happened basically with the help of the industrialization at that that time which helped the style develop. The idea started on factories to make large open spaces to produce products  with large windows and with the main structure in the inside .International style was related to Bauhaus. The school its self was another inspiration for architects as it was designed like a factory and every class could have been changed quickly to it requirements.

Le Corbusier was a Swiss architecture, which he is the main idol of this style

His ideas in architecture was to make use of the piloted or slabs on the base of the structure and make use of them to  support .He hand another idea that the building would be a machine and the man inside would be the organisms which lived inside and the machine took care of them.

His most famous building is called the Villa Savoye. The the building was isolated form the landscape set on white pillars. Cars where able to drive under the structure .Holes in the building where cut to allow light and ventilation .The interior of the space to my opinion looks very cold un ornamented everything clean and white. Most of the houses and flats of today are open plan and have some of the same concepts.

Reference:

International Style | architecture | Encyclopedia Britannica. 2015. International Style | architecture | Encyclopedia Britannica. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/291280/International-Style. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

Modern Movements. 2015. Modern Movements. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/modern_movements/2391/international_style/408691. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

International Style of Modern Architecture: Origins, Characteristics. 2015. International Style of Modern Architecture: Origins, Characteristics. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/architecture/international-style.htm. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

Architecture in the Early 20th Century, Modernism, Bauhaus, DeStijl and International Style - YouTube. 2015. Architecture in the Early 20th Century, Modernism, Bauhaus, DeStijl and International Style - YouTube. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wUb1ficeiD8. [Accessed 29 January 2015].

Organic Design

Organic design

Organic design is the interest in the natural forms of nature . Being inspired from the first designer that ever existed nature itself. Designers and architects observed nature to create their ideas and design from different elements like water, bones, trees all the natural forms that nature created. Organic design started In the 1930 till 1960and still continues to inspire many designers till this day. From my point of view organic design is the most influential design that we can ever have, we have everything we need to create anything we want by only observing well enough. I my self was inspired from nature in last years final major project at school. I designed a lamp, which was inspired from different kind of floral patterns and flowers .In the final result I was really pleased with what I did. Not to focus on myself I want to start from the beginning of the word organic design .

The word Organic was first introduced from one of the most famous architecture designer Frank Lloyd Wright in the early 19^th centaury  as another extension of teaching and other idea of observing. He didn’t describe the word organic to focus on the characteristics of plants and animals but the way to use nature as the building blocks of design. Organic design using the relation ship with different materials and eventually harmonized into something original.

Through out his career he gave many lectures about organic design and architecture. he wanted to explain that the architecture has to be blended with it surrounding area like a marriage with the structure and surrounding elements which you can clearly see in one of his famous architectural works the Falling water house or villa . The house itself has a natural river going through it and some of the floorings still has the natural form of rock showing .The house showed many examples on home organic architecture is explained and being built in the 1930’s it is one of the most inspirational works of Frank. Also considered as one of the greatest master pieces of Frank.

Below is a small quotation of frank Lloyd Wright about Organic Architecture .

“So here I stand before you preaching organic architecture: declaring organic architecture to be the modern ideal and the teaching so much needed if we are to see the whole of life, and to now serve the whole of life, holding no ‘traditions’ essential to the great TRADITION. Nor cherishing any preconceived form fixing upon us either past, present or future, but—instead—exalting the simple laws of common sense—or of super-sense if you prefer—determining form by way of the nature of materials...”

Not to focus on architecture Organic design influenced a lot of designers like Ross Lovegrove which he is the creator of the Go Chair .Many say that the chair is the the perfect example of organic design it was mainly inspired from the skull of a bear. design of the chair  really inters me it looks futuristic yet organic and original.

Talking about futuristic another famous designer Verner Panton which he designed the famous S chair another perfect of organic design. Organic designs are still being created today and will continue to inspire many designers in the generations to come







Reference :

Organic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 2015. Organic architecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. [ONLINE] Available at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_architecture. [Accessed 27 January 2015].

Organic Design. 2015. Organic Design. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.organicdesign.co.nz/. [Accessed 27 January 2015].

organicARCHITECT: Organic. 2015. organicARCHITECT: Organic. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.organicarchitect.com/organic/#axzz3Q0aeP6sb. [Accessed 27 January 2015].

Ross Lovegrove: Organic design, inspired by nature | Talk Video | TED.com. 2015. Ross Lovegrove: Organic design, inspired by nature | Talk Video | TED.com. [ONLINE] Available at:https://www.ted.com/talks/ross_lovegrove_shares_organic_designs?language=en. [Accessed 27 January 2015].

International Design